| 翻訳と辞書 |
| William Lynch (Lynch law) ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
William Lynch (Lynch law)
Captain William Lynch (1742–1820) was a man from Pittsylvania County, Virginia, who claimed to be the source of the terms "lynch law" and "lynching". He is not the William Lynch who allegedly made the William Lynch speech in 1712, as the date on this apocryphal speech precedes Lynch's birth by thirty years.
==Lynch's Law==
The term "Lynch's Law" was used as early as 1782 by a prominent Virginian named Charles Lynch to describe his actions in suppressing a suspected Loyalist uprising in 1780 during the American Revolutionary War.〔Brent Tarter. "Lynch, Charles". ''American National Biography Online'', February 2000.〕 The suspects were given a summary trial at an informal court; sentences handed down included whipping, property seizure, coerced pledges of allegiance, and conscription into the military. Charles Lynch's extralegal actions were retroactively legitimized by the Virginia General Assembly in 1782.〔
In 1811, Captain William Lynch claimed that the phrase "Lynch's Law", by then famous, actually came from a 1780 compact signed by him and his neighbours in Pittsylvania County, Virginia, to uphold their own brand of law independent of legal authority. The obscurity of the Pittsylvania County compact compared to the well-known actions of Charles Lynch casts doubt on it being the source of the phrase.〔 According to the ''American National Biography'':
What was purported to be the text of the Pittsylvania agreement was later printed in the ''Southern Literary Messenger'' (2 (1836 ): 389). However, the Pittsylvania County alliance, if it was formed at all, was so obscure compared to the well-known suppression of the uprising in southwestern Virginia that Charles Lynch's use of the phrase makes it seem most probable that it was derived from his actions, not from William Lynch's.〔
The compact published in the ''Southern Literary Messenger'' that proposed William Lynch as the originator of "lynch law" may have been a hoax perpetrated by Edgar Allan Poe.〔Christopher Waldrep, ''The Many Faces of Judge Lynch: Extralegal Violence and Punishment in America'', Macmillan, 2002, p. 21.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「William Lynch (Lynch law)」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|